That, curiously enough, was based on a 1902 stage musical. There were several silent adaptations, the oldest surviving of which is from 1910. While this version is by far the most well known, and much more well known than the book it is based on, it is not the only, or even the first film adaptation. The Stock Parody Off to See the Wizard is almost invariably derived from this version of the story. As it turns out, Oz really was a real place. note In The Emerald City of Oz, just before Dorothy, Aunt Em, and Uncle Henry come to Oz once and for all, Aunt Em and Uncle Henry think that Dorothy's Oz adventures are mere dreams, as well. The film changed the silver shoes to ruby slippers (depending on this source, this was either to show off the new color technology of the time, because silver shoes were boring, or because silver shoes didn't show up well), merged the two good witches, cut out several incidents, including all of Dorothy's (admittedly anticlimactic) return to the Emerald City after killing the Witch and the journey from the Emerald City to Glinda's palace, and added the possible All Just a Dream ending-the studio heads thought the audience was too sophisticated to accept a "real" fantasyland. The 1939 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film adaptation of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz directed by Victor Fleming and starring Judy Garland, Ray Bolger, Jack Haley, Bert Lahr and Margaret Hamilton.
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